Beijing has improved its air quality since
China won its bid to host the Games, but the Ministry of Ecology and
Environment has said winter smog risks remained “severe”.
Ministry spokesman Liu Youbin told reporters
on Thursday that contingency plans were in place.
“When the time comes, Beijing and Hebei
will be guided to adopt reasonable environmental protection measures in
accordance with the law,” he said.
Rumours that polluting heavy industries in the
area would be shuttered from Jan 1 were “not true”, however, he said.
Critics warned in 2015 – when China won its
bid – that the Winter Olympics could be overshadowed by hazardous smog in a
region dominated by heavy industry. Chinese President Xi Jinping subsequently
vowed to run a “green” Games, and Hebei promised to “transform
and upgrade” its industrial economy.
Since then, China has planted thousands of
hectares of trees in Beijing and surrounding Hebei province, built sprawling
wind and solar farms, and relocated hundreds of enterprises.
In Zhangjiakou city, 200 km (125 miles)
northwest of Beijing and host to skiing and snowboarding events, 26-year-old
amateur skier Deng Zhongping said he has already felt the difference.
“When I came to Beijing a few years back
I would suffer with rhinitis because of pollution, but the air quality in
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has improved a lot,” he said.
“I think the air quality at Zhangjiakou
ski resort is even better than some foreign ski resorts.”
In 2016, average concentrations of PM2.5 in
the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region stood at 71 micrograms per cubic metre and
soared to more than 500 micrograms over winter. That compares to an average 40
micrograms from January to September this year.
The reading in Beijing was 33 micrograms in
the first three quarters, meeting China’s 35-microgram standard, although
exceeding the recommended World Health Organization level of 5 micrograms and
likely to rise much higher over winter.
“China will win many medals at the Winter
Olympics, but the smog … could plunge the Games into difficulties,” the
Washington-based International Fund for China’s Environment said earlier this
year.
GREENING THE GAMES
Officials said during a government-organised
tour this week that all 26 Olympic venues in Beijing and Hebei province would
be 100% powered by renewable energy. More than 700 hydrogen-fuelled vehicles
will also be deployed, despite the government falling short of a hydrogen
production target.
Preparations have included a tree-planting
programme that increased forest coverage in Zhangjiakou to 70%-80%, up from 56%
previously.
China has also said it would make the Games
“carbon neutral” for the first time. Environmental group Greenpeace,
though, said without more data it would be hard to evaluate whether the goal
was actually met.
Water scarcity is another concern, especially
when it comes to creating artificial snow and ice.
Organisers said the Games would not put
additional pressure on local water supplies and rely instead on cisterns that
collected mountain runoff and rainfall during the summer – in line with China’s
wider efforts to create a “circular” economy in which resources are
fully utilised and recycled.
“We are all self-sufficient and
ecologically circular,” said Wang Jingxian, a member of the 2024 Games
planning committee.
